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Academic References



Avis, G. (1987). The making of the Soviet citizen: Character formation and civic training in Soviet education. Croom Helm.


Bloch, A. (2012). Civic engagement, mandatory citizenship, and post-Soviet Russian-speaking immigrants in Vancouver, Canada. (Working Paper No. 12-05). Metropolis British Columbia. Centre of Excellence for Research on Immigration and Diversity.



Bronfenbrenner, U. (1970). Two worlds of childhood: U.S. and U.S.S.R. Touchstone.





Gingras, P. (2010). Invisible migrants: The case of Russians in Montréal. (Publication No. MR71005) [Master Thesis, Concordia University]. ProQuest Dissertations Publishing.




Jakaitė-Bulbukienė, K. (2015). Lithuanian emigrant family: Language and identity. Doctoral dissertation. Vilnius University.









May, S. A. (2003). Critical multiculturalism. Counterpoints, 168, 199–212.



Morozovskaia, U. (2021). The linguistic journey of Russian-speaking immigrants in Canada [Unpublished master’s thesis]. University of Saskatchewan.


Muckle, J. (1988). A guide to the Soviet curriculum: What the Russian child is taught in school. Croom Helm.




Olimov, M., Gharleghi, B., & J. Grote (Eds.) (2020). Brain drain vs brain circulation (Central Asia). Nova Science Publishers.


Perlin, R., Kaufman, D., Borjian, H., & Khujamyorova, H. (2023). Wakhi in New York: Multilingualism and Language Contact in a Pamiri Diaspora community. In Anousha Sedighi (Ed.), Iranian Heritage and Minority Languages (pp. 273-303), Berlin: De Gruyter Mouton.





Rogova, A. (2020). Russian-speaking immigrants in Canada: Belonging, political subjectivity, and struggle for recognition [Unpublished doctoral dissertation]. University of British Columbia.


Sadowski-Smith, C. (2018). The new immigrant whiteness: Race, neoliberalism, and post-Soviet migration to the United States. New York University Press.


Silova, I. (2014). The interplay of “posts” in comparative education: Post-socialism and postcolonialism after the Cold War. In L.Vega (Ed.), Empires, post-coloniality and interculturality: New challenges for comparative education (pp.181-198). Sense Publishers.









Tokmanciyan, N. (2018) Armenian-Quebecois institutional completeness and identity: Trauma and Quebec context [Unpublished master's thesis]. Concordia University.